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RESEARCH / Focused target

Kok's unique maximum-degree values and infinite realizing family

Literature status: not recheckedRepository record: proved

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Problem

The question

Johan Kok, Integer sequences with conjectured relation with certain graph parameters of the family of linear Jaco graphs, arXiv:2507.16500v1, Section 2.2, Conjecture 2.3, printed page 5 (primary locator), states:

For $t = 1,2,3,\dots$ the values given by sequence A003622 i.e. the Wythoff compound sequence AA: $a(t) = \lfloor t \times (\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2})^2\rfloor -1$ are the unique maximum degrees of corresponding linear Jaco graphs.

Furthermore, it implies that sequence A003622 is $p$-graphical where $p(G) = \Delta(G)_{unique}$ and $\mathcal{F} \in {G:G=J_n(x), n = 1,2,3,\dots}$.

The preceding paragraph says the maximum-degree values that appear once across graph orders are intended and explicitly excludes $\Delta(J_1(x))=0$. This is numerical value uniqueness across orders, not a singleton set of maximizing vertices within one graph; Conjecture 2.5 concerns the latter.

Retain the original recursive graph with $f(x)=x$. For every positive $i$, let $d_i=#{j:1\le j<i,\ 2j-d_j\ge i}$. For every positive $n$, $J_n$ is the simple undirected graph on ${1,\ldots,n}$ with an edge ${i,j}$ exactly when $1\le i<j\le n$ and $2i-d_i\ge j$. Write $\Delta_n$ for its ordinary maximum vertex degree, $\phi=(1+\sqrt5)/2$, and $a(t)=\lfloor t\phi^2\rfloor-1$. For an integer $k$, define

$$ U(k)\iff k\ge1\ \land\ \exists n\ge2,\quad \Delta_n=k\ \land\ \forall m\ge2,\ (\Delta_m=k\Rightarrow m=n). $$

The complete assertion, with natural graph orders and term indices, is

$$ \left(\forall k\in\mathbb Z,\ k\ge1\Rightarrow [U(k)\iff\exists t\ge1,\ k=a(t)]\right) \ \land
\left(\exists r:\mathbb N_{>0}\to\mathbb N_{>0},\ \forall t\ge1,
r(t)\ge2\ \land\ a(t)\ge1\ \land\ \Delta_{r(t)}=a(t) \ \land\ \forall m\ge1,\ [\Delta_m=a(t)\Rightarrow m=r(t)]\right). $$

There is one whole infinite indexed family $G_t=J_{r(t)}$, not only separate finite prefixes. Every positive graph order remains in the reference class, including $m=1$ in the realizing clause. The Lean witness is a function on all natural numbers whose assertions are restricted to positive indices. It additionally identifies $r$ with realizingOrder; no value at zero is claimed as a source sequence term.

The source conventions are explicit. Read the printed family/element notation memberwise: each realizing graph belongs to the class of source graphs. The introduction's existential realizing-family definition permits selection of corresponding orders; neither exhaustion of all orders nor $r(t)=t$ is required. Extend that termwise definition to the positive infinite index set printed in Conjecture 2.3. On $D={J_n:n\ge1,\ U(\Delta_n)}$, interpret the qualified parameter as $p_D(G)=\Delta(G)$. No value is assigned outside $D$. Read “are the unique maximum degrees” as the full iff classification, retaining both inclusions. These conventions normalize the source's notation; they are not an author-issued correction or a certificate of uniquely intended semantics.

Motivation

Our foothold

The existing all-order degree theorem for the same recursive graph makes the multiplicity of each positive degree value accessible. Conjecture 2.3 asks which values have a singleton fiber and whether the entire displayed sequence has one admissible infinite realizing family. This is distinct from the maximum-degree formula of Conjecture 2.2 and from Conjecture 2.5's vertex-count question.

Gap

Missing bridges

The published source presents Conjecture 2.3 as a conjecture. In the supplied bounded qualification, the complete primary article and author TeX, original graph definitions in arXiv:1506.06538v1, an arXiv Jaco-title query returning 18 metadata records, Crossref metadata and Olga's abstract did not identify a specific prior resolution of 2.3. Later journal full texts were not verified because publisher reads failed. Repository/issue searches for Jaco, 2.3 and A003622 found no dedicated earlier 2.3 unit in the searched scope. These are source and search qualifications, not proofs of worldwide openness or priority.

The known MathDB answer to Conjecture 2.2 by Shivam Patel (primary answer, solution timestamp 2026-08-20T11:27:39.872868Z), together with the pre-existing OEIS formula, is prior content for 2.2. Its fresh-resolution credit is zero. A separate report concerns 2.5; neither is evidence of a 2.3 solution. The current dossier adds no worldwide absence-of-proof or first-priority claim.

Route

Proposed approach

Use the existing source graph JacoDomPathDiameterRefutation.jaco and JacoMaximumDegree.result directly. Put $B(q)=\lfloor q\phi\rfloor$ and $C(q)=\lfloor q/\phi\rfloor$. Inverting the existing degree law gives, for every integer $k\ge1$, exactly the orders

$$ B(k+1)-1\le n\le B(k+2)-2. $$

The lower endpoint is at least two. This interval is a singleton precisely when $C(k+2)=C(k+1)$. A strict jump corresponds to $k+1$ in the positive lower Beatty sequence. Apply pinned Mathlib's Irrational.beattySeq_symmDiff_beattySeq_pos at $\phi$ and $\phi^2$ to obtain the complementary upper Beatty sequence, hence both directions of the value classification. The floor identities and irrationality facts are reused Mathlib results; the recursive endpoint and maximum-degree laws are existing repository suppliers, not newly proved content here.

One function selects the singleton endpoint: $r(t)=B(\lfloor t\phi^2\rfloor)-1$ for every $t\ge1$. realizingOrder uses Int.toNat; its proved lower bound shows that no truncation occurs on this domain. Positivity of $a(t)$ excludes the singleton graph's zero degree, extending uniqueness to every positive $m$, including one. No additional graph or uniqueness hypothesis is assumed.

Falsifier

What would falsify this route

A positive value with a different fiber from the stated interval, a positive unique value outside the displayed sequence, a positive sequence term without its unique source order, or failure of the one realizing function at any positive index would contradict the asserted result. A changed graph, finite-order cutoff, missing reverse implication, omitted $m=1$, or replacement by maximizing-vertex uniqueness would fail the stated source correspondence.

Evidence

Evidence to collect

The single settling declaration is D5/S3/ConceptDynamics/GraphColoring/JacoUniqueMaximumValues.result. Its owning Scribe attaches exactly one OpenProblemResolutionClaim with ResolutionKind.Proved to this dossier. The displayed statement retains both the full positive-value classification and one infinite realizing function. The source identity and attribution use the existing kok2025jaco note; the exact 2.3 locator and formula are given above.

The complete D5 and mirrored Reg proof terms supply the mathematical and typed audit evidence. The current scoped report for those two modules binds result to statement ID sha256:64eeb63382c166d212a6e03e7714254085c02b789bf83e4485644792d65c0775. Its axiom closure is propext, Classical.choice, and Quot.sound, with no sorryAx. The public declaration inventory is UniqueValue, sequenceValue, realizingOrder, and the single theorem result. The private helpers are consumed on its proof path. Conservative classification is proof_shape: bind-only, escape_witness: none, admission_basis: open-problem-resolution, under preregistered issue #25813. No new mathematical declaration or supplier reproof is introduced by this dossier. Existing supplier audit limitations remain those disclosed in the 2.2 dossier; this resolution does not recertify them.

Source attribution: Johan Kok and the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, A003622. Mathematical notation is adapted from the article under CC BY-SA 4.0 and the OEIS terms. No claim about licensing third-party executable code is made.

Triage

Scope assessment

Proved: Under the explicit source conventions, result establishes the entire two-clause Conjecture 2.3 event for the original $f(x)=x$ recursive family: every positive unique value and only those values, every positive sequence index, and one whole infinite family with uniqueness across all positive graph orders. The p-graphical clause therefore follows with the qualified parameter on $D$; no finite-prefix substitute is used.

Proved mechanism and surviving scope: The interval fiber and the complementary Beatty partition explain why precisely these values occur once. The same interval description remains valid for every positive value, including values that occur more than once; they are excluded from the restricted parameter domain, not from the source graph class. The proof retains the zero-degree singleton as an allowed graph while excluding zero from the unique-positive-value assertion. It imposes no order cutoff.

Unresolved exact next candidate: Determine the complete classification of the number of maximizing vertices in $J_n(x)$ for every $n\ge1$, then compare it with the separate Conjecture 2.5. This is a different fiber statistic; value uniqueness does not imply vertex-set uniqueness. The reported prior 2.5 answer must be read and compared before admitting any fresh candidate. No new theorem or credit for that question is claimed here. Other defining functions $f(x)$ require their own endpoint, degree and multiplicity laws; no such extension or further dependent source conjecture is settled.

ASSUMED-UNVERIFIED

Unverified assumptions

Correspondence between the printed prose and the explicit typed source normalization is an interpretation, not a Lean theorem about author intent. A globally total qualified parameter, an exhaustive realizing family, an order-preserving witness requirement and $G_t=J_t$ are outside that reading. The literature screen and specific prior-answer qualifications are bounded; later publisher texts, worldwide openness and priority remain unverified. The Reg continuation unknown asserts no undecidability or inexhaustibility. Final resolution-binding validation requires current frozen membership of the settling declaration. Canonical rendering alone does not certify this binding; this source unit makes no claim that publication obligations are complete.

Dossier & anchor history

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